とても vs あまり: How to Say 'Very' and 'Not Very' in Japanese (JLPT N5)

Learn the correct usage of とても (very) and あまり (not very/not much) in Japanese. Includes common mistakes, practice sentences, and JLPT tips.

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とても (Very) and あまり (Not Very): Essential Japanese Adverbs

Knowing how to express degree — how hot, how cold, how good — is crucial for daily Japanese conversation. Two key adverbs you'll use every day are とても (very) and あまり (not very).

とても – Very, Extremely

とても is placed before an adjective to intensify its meaning:

  • きょうは とても さむいです。 – It is very cold today.
  • サラは とても しんせつです。 – Sarah is very kind.
  • この えいがは とても おもしろいです。 – This movie is very interesting.

あまり – Not Very, Not Much

あまり is always used with the negative form. It softens a negative statement:

  • あの ワインは あまり ゆうめいではありません。 – That wine is not very famous.
  • きょうは あまり あつくありません。 – It is not very hot today.
  • この ほんは あまり おもしろくありません。 – This book is not very interesting.
Critical Rule: あまり MUST be followed by a negative verb/adjective ending. Using あまり with a positive sentence is grammatically wrong!

Common Mistake: とても vs たくさん

Many beginners confuse とても with たくさん. Here's the difference:

WordMeaningUsed With
とてもVery (degree)Adjectives
たくさんA lot (quantity)Verbs/Nouns
  • とても あついです。 – It is very hot. (modifying adjective)
  • たくさん あついです。 – WRONG! (たくさん doesn't modify adjectives)
  • ✅ みずを たくさん のみます。 – I drink a lot of water. (modifying verb)

Other Degree Adverbs (JLPT N5-N4)

AdverbMeaningPositive/Negative
とてもveryPositive
すごくreally, incrediblyPositive
ちょっとa littleBoth
あまりnot veryNegative only
ぜんぜんnot at allNegative only
  • ぜんぜん わかりません。 – I don't understand at all.
  • ちょっと むずかしいです。 – It's a little difficult.

Practice Sentences

  1. この レストランは とても おいしいです。 – This restaurant is very delicious.
  2. きのうは あまり さむくありませんでした。 – Yesterday was not very cold.
  3. にほんごは ちょっと むずかしいですが、おもしろいです。 – Japanese is a little difficult, but interesting.
  4. その えいがは ぜんぜん おもしろくありません。 – That movie is not interesting at all.

JLPT N5 Tip

On the JLPT, you'll often see questions testing whether you know:

  • あまり needs a negative ending
  • たくさん vs とても usage
  • ぜんぜん needs a negative ending

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