とても vs あまり: How to Say 'Very' and 'Not Very' in Japanese (JLPT N5)
Learn the correct usage of とても (very) and あまり (not very/not much) in Japanese. Includes common mistakes, practice sentences, and JLPT tips.
By SJA Teaching Team · Published · Updated
とても (Very) and あまり (Not Very): Essential Japanese Adverbs
Knowing how to express degree — how hot, how cold, how good — is crucial for daily Japanese conversation. Two key adverbs you'll use every day are とても (very) and あまり (not very).
とても – Very, Extremely
とても is placed before an adjective to intensify its meaning:
- きょうは とても さむいです。 – It is very cold today.
- サラは とても しんせつです。 – Sarah is very kind.
- この えいがは とても おもしろいです。 – This movie is very interesting.
あまり – Not Very, Not Much
あまり is always used with the negative form. It softens a negative statement:
- あの ワインは あまり ゆうめいではありません。 – That wine is not very famous.
- きょうは あまり あつくありません。 – It is not very hot today.
- この ほんは あまり おもしろくありません。 – This book is not very interesting.
Critical Rule: あまり MUST be followed by a negative verb/adjective ending. Using あまり with a positive sentence is grammatically wrong!
Common Mistake: とても vs たくさん
Many beginners confuse とても with たくさん. Here's the difference:
| Word | Meaning | Used With |
|---|---|---|
| とても | Very (degree) | Adjectives |
| たくさん | A lot (quantity) | Verbs/Nouns |
- ✅ とても あついです。 – It is very hot. (modifying adjective)
- ❌ たくさん あついです。 – WRONG! (たくさん doesn't modify adjectives)
- ✅ みずを たくさん のみます。 – I drink a lot of water. (modifying verb)
Other Degree Adverbs (JLPT N5-N4)
| Adverb | Meaning | Positive/Negative |
|---|---|---|
| とても | very | Positive |
| すごく | really, incredibly | Positive |
| ちょっと | a little | Both |
| あまり | not very | Negative only |
| ぜんぜん | not at all | Negative only |
- ぜんぜん わかりません。 – I don't understand at all.
- ちょっと むずかしいです。 – It's a little difficult.
Practice Sentences
- この レストランは とても おいしいです。 – This restaurant is very delicious.
- きのうは あまり さむくありませんでした。 – Yesterday was not very cold.
- にほんごは ちょっと むずかしいですが、おもしろいです。 – Japanese is a little difficult, but interesting.
- その えいがは ぜんぜん おもしろくありません。 – That movie is not interesting at all.
JLPT N5 Tip
On the JLPT, you'll often see questions testing whether you know:
- あまり needs a negative ending
- たくさん vs とても usage
- ぜんぜん needs a negative ending
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